The project objective is to restore the watercourse Stržen to its former double meander, which will contribute to longer water retention time on Cerknica Lake. We will establish a quiet zone for Bittern and build guiding infrastructure for visitors. Our goal is to conserve the nature of Cerknica Lake and encourage the development of sustainable tourism. We will educate tourism providers on nature-friendly ways of guiding, which won’t be disturbing for nature or for local people.
Actions A: Preparatory actions, elaborations of management plans and/or of action plans
A1 - Habitat assessment of Botaurus stellaris as a baseline for quiet zone planning - COMPLETED
The primary objective of action A1 was to capture Bittern for telemetry and conduct a habitat census to track ecological parameters in the Bittern’s preferred habitat. These data were crucial for developing the Management plan and Guidelines (A2) required for the establishing the Quiet Zone (C5).
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Year 2017:
Two related LIFE project locations were visited in Sep 2017 (action E2); Biebrza in Poland and Engure in Latvia where wetland habitat was restored either exclusively for the Bittern or as part of wider wetland restoration. They presented to us good practices in methods for restoring wetlands, capturing the Bittern and conducting telemetry research. Simultaneously, we also visited PhD. Marcin Polak at Lublin University, where he acquainted us with the capturing techniques and capturing equipment for the Bittern.
In 2017, DOPPS prepared a Detailed plan for the telemetry to identify the best capture locations and bought all necessary equipment for the capture.
Year 2018:
In 2018, we performed extensive searches for nests on five locations, and two attempts to capture a male (action A.1), as well as five triangulations of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) (action D.1). Ph.D. Marcin Polak visited NRP twice, in April and June 2018, providing valuable advice and fieldwork assistance.
Bittern males appeared on the lake approximately one month later than usual (first booming male detected on 24 April 2018), which we ascribe to high water levels that persisted until mid-April. At the end of the nesting season, at least two males were booming on the lake. No nests were found, however, and after consulting dr. Marcin Polak, an expert on the Bittern, and conducting extensive research in the field, we came to the conclusion that females did not breed on the lake this year. The males changed their booming posts frequently; they were booming intensely even in the beginning of June (their booming should subside with the progressing breeding season), and they were booming during the entire day. Their nesting habitat was very unstable, from being too flooded at the beginning of the nesting season, to drying out too quickly afterwards.
Year 2019:
Since we haven’t managed to capture a specimen in 2018, we tried again in 2019. We heard the first booming male on Cerknica Lake on 31 March 2019, nearly a month earlier than in 2018. At the end of April and again on 20 June 2019, we heard two different booming males on the lake (in the areas Levišča and Beli breg), otherwise only one booming male was detected during the nesting season. In 2019, we performed searches for the Bittern’s nest on two locations: Levišča and Beli breg, which is where the booming males have been detected. We performed the searches at the end of April and in the first decade of May. We also searched with a drone. Our evaluation is that all potential nests have failed due to heavy rainfall and consequently, the increase of water levels by over 1,5 m. Additionally, the increased water levels prevented us from further searching for the nest and capturing an adult specimen. High water levels persisted through the first decade of June, making the possibility of the female making a replacement brood very small.
Due to high water levels, we didn’t manage to capture the Bittern in 2019. However, knowing the unpredictable nature of Cerknica Lake, we have prepared an alternative solution in the project proposal, in case we are not successful in performing the capture. The report, which is a result of this action, was therefore prepared based on data from scientific literature and results of triangulations of the Bittern.
Even though, by preparing and publishing the report, this action has been completed and fully implemented, we will make one final attempt to capture the Bittern in 2020.
Year 2020:
In 2020, we made two attempts to capture the male Bittern. First on 24 May and then on 1 June 2020. The first male Bittern was heard on Cerknica Lake as late as 17 May 2020, which is a month and a half later than in 2019 (the most likely reason is the drought we experienced in the first four months of 2020). Though even after it started booming, he was pretty quiet and made long pauses between individual calls (10 minutes or more). Most likely, only one male was booming in 2020. We decided against searching for nests in 2020, due to negative experiences in years 2018 and 2019. Instead, we decided to attempt to capture the male, which was unfortunately unsuccessful. We believe that all potential nests were destroyed by heavy rainfall and consequential high water levels in early June. The water levels rose by over 2 m. The high water lasted until the end of June.
The 2020 nesting season was marked by extreme water conditions. April and the first half of May were very dry; however, after 5 June, the water rose by nearly two and a half metres, according to the measuring station Dolenje Jezero, and nearly two meters, according to the measuring station Gorenje Jezero. Both extremes probably had a devastating effect on any nesting attempts of the Bittern, as well as other nesting birds of the lake. Due to the sudden rise of water levels, reedbed nests were destroyed and the area of the lake became much larger, resulting in the destruction of nests of meadow species in this period as well.
Based on the gathered data we can assume that the changeable water levels (drought in the early nesting season, high waters in June) prevented successful Bittern nesting on Cerknica Lake at least until the end of June 2020. Throughout the season the Bittern stayed mainly in the area of Levišča. We recorded the probable presence of one female and found that most likely only one male stayed on the lake during the breeding season.
Since we didn’t manage to capture the Bittern due to the unpredictable nature of Cerknica Lake, action A.1 was completed with an alternative approach, which had already been foreseen in the project proposal. The Expert Report of the Bittern capture attempts from 2018 to 2020 was prepared based on data from scientific literature and results of triangulations of the Bittern that were performed simultaneously in action D1.
Despite our great desire to acquire accurate data on movement of the Bittern, we decided not to continue our attempts to capture the Bittern, due to the bird’s rarity and endangered status. This decision was approved by the European Commission.
Results:
A2 - Establishment plan and guidelines for the quiet zone for Botaurus stellaris - COMPLETED
Based on data on the Bittern’s habitat, acquired in the scope of action A.1, DOPPS – Birdlife Slovenia will design a detailed plan for the establishment of a quiet zone for Bittern and prepare guidelines for long-term management of this area. We will be aided by experiences of two other LIFE projects that focused on the conservation of the Bittern.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Year 2017:
We visited two related LIFE project locations in Sep 2017 (action E.2): Biebrza in Poland and Engure in Latvia, where wetland habitat was restored either exclusively for the Bittern or as part of wider wetland restoration. They presented to us good practices in methods for restoring wetlands, capturing the Bittern and conducting telemetry research. We also visited dr. Marcin Polak at Lublin University, where he acquainted us with the capturing techniques and capturing equipment for the Bittern.
Year 2018:
In 2018, DOPPS started preparing the draft of the establishment plan and guidelines for the quiet zone for the Bittern. They studied scientific literature and studies of already established restored habitats of the Bittern. They also established communication with experts, focused on studying the Bittern.
Year 2019:
In 2019, Notranjska Regional Park performed all workshops and planned meetings with key stakeholders. We met with the Angling Club Cerknica, presidents of local hunting fraternities, representatives of tourism providers, and presidents of local agrarian societies and their members.
In April 2019, all project partners had a field day and looked at the area of the planned quiet zone in person. We settled all details about the establishment of the quiet zone and found solutions that are appropriate both for birds and fish.
Years 2020 – 2022:
In 2020, NRP expanded the quiet zone area from the initial 100 hectares to 219 hectares (C5) based on data from actions A1 and D1 during the project. Bittern triangulations indicated a broader habitat range than previously assumed, leading us to include the small watercourse Tresenec in the quiet zone.
In 2020, NRP expanded the quiet zone area from the initial 100 hectares to 219 hectares (C5) based on data from actions A1 and D1 during the project. Bittern triangulations indicated a broader habitat range than previously assumed, leading us to include the small watercourse Tresenec in the quiet zone.
Unfortunately, we didn’t manage to capture the Bittern in the first two years of the project (action A.1), so the plan for the establishment of a quiet zone was prepared on the basis of: (a) scientific literature (36 academic articles and books on the ecology of the Bittern), (b) expert advice from the LIFE Coastlake team and dr. Marcin Polak and (c) our own observations regarding Bittern habitat that were gathered in 2018 and 2019 while conducting nest search and booming male triangulation.
Results:
A3 - Plans for diverting visitors away from the quiet zone for Botaurus stellaris - COMPLETED
In the scope of this action we designed architectural plans (DDGs) for infrastructure, such as an entry-exit point for vessels and ten guiding-interpretation points, which lead to a bird observatory with a view of the central part of Cerknica Lake and the restored watercourse Stržen. This infrastructure is equipped with signs, which inform the visitors about the project, the significance of the area, important animal and plant species, as well as the problem of inappropriate behaviour in nature, rules for boating etc.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
All DDGs were developed in accordance with national legislation and were subject to approval by various organizations. However, after the DDGs were prepared, national construction legislation underwent changes. While permits were obtained for two DDGs (bird observatory and guiding/interpretation point) without issues related to the legislative changes, the DDG for the entry/exit point encountered problems due to the new legislation.
By taking into account Slovenian legislation and all the conditions, given to us by competent authorities, building an entry-exit point in the form of a half-circle as originally planned was no longer possible. After redesigning the entry-exit point, the new shape turned out to be unfunctional in the same location. We therefore moved the location of the entry-exit point by 40 m. Due to the changed location, we had to restart the process of designing and acquiring permits. To avoid any trouble while building the entry-exit point, we ordered a geological study and a geodetic record of the area. Both were completed in August 2019, when the lake was dry.
Based on the results of the geological study and legal restrictions, the entry-exit point will only be arranged by redirecting visitors to the correct spot. The floating pier, however, will not be built, due to unsuitable alternative solutions for this location. The European Commission supports our suggestion.
Instead of the original entry-exit point for vessels, we built a new informational guiding point to redirect visitors to the appropriate spot. In addition, we placed new benches next to the bee farm and we will also build two new hunting observatories.
Results:
A4 - Visual identity (corporate design), process plan and communication plan of the project - COMPLETED
In the scope of this action we developed a visual identity (corporate design), a process plan, which contains a detailed plan of the project management, and a communication plan, which is based on the project’s awareness-raising activities.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Results:
- Project LIFE Stržen logo:
Actions B: Purchase/lease of land and/or compensation payments for use rights
B1 - Land purchase for the restoration of Stržen - COMPLETED
In 2017, we purchased two land plots in accordance with the project proposal. The purchased plots are crucial for the execution of renaturation of Stržen in the area Ključi. They are also suitable habitats for the bird Bittern.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Results:
B2 - Land purchase for the bird observation infrastructure - COMPLETED
In 2017, we purchased a land plot with a view of the project area in accordance with the project proposal. An ornithological observatory will be placed on this plot.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
With approval of the European Commission we bought another land plot in order to arrange access to the observatory.
All purchased land is intended for permanent nature conservation.
Results:
Actions C: Conservation actions
C1 - Preparation works for the restoration of Stržen - COMPLETED
A key project activity was the restoration of the lower part of watercourse Stržen, which lies beneath the outflow of the stream Lipsenjščica. The former double meander of Stržen was reactivated. The original double meander is between 15 and 20 meters wide and 2,1 km long, whereas the straight channel was 0,6 km long and 12 to 15 meters wide. During the preparation works we prepared and organized the construction site, marked the restoration route, cut dead trees etc.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Year 2017:
2017 was a very dry year, so we started the preparation works early – in September 2017. We dug a drainage channel, so the water would drain more quickly in the following year and we could start with construction work sooner.
Year 2018:
In the year 2018 we could not continue with the work, due to exit of project partner Hidrotehnik, who was responsible for the execution of this action. We therefore postponed the start of the work to 2019. The construction work was now going to be executed by external assistance, selected by Public Procurement.
In the end of 2018, a geodetic record of Stržen in the area Ključi was obtained. We also selected a providor for preparing a project for public procurement and detailed design guidelines, which are necessary for the execution of the Public Procurement.
Year 2019:
As soon as the project amendment has been accepted, and the European Commission gave their approval the renaturation work can be executed by external assistance, instead of our former project partner Hidrotehnik, Notranjska Regional Park begun preparing the documentation and the process of Public Procurement. In July 2019, NRP signed a contract with the selected providor for the execution of construction works, company Nivo Eko d.o.o. Additionally, NRP hired a construction supervisor and a project supervisor, as required by Slovenian law.
After signing the contract, several coordinating meetings and introduction into construction work took place. The selected contractor prepared a technological study and a security plan. In the end of July 2019, they marked the construction site, erected a construction container, toilets, notice and warning signs, as well as marked the route of the riverbed.
The amount of rain in August 2019 was above average. The terrain was so wet that it indicated, the work on the riverbed will have to be postponed for a year. During this rainy season, the construction team adapted to the wet terrain with their technology and style of execution. They slowly strengthened the access road to the area of renaturation. Their work was hindered greatly by road sections, flooded with water. Despite the unfavourable conditions, the access roads to both banks of the riverbed were fully strenghtened by mid-September. In the scope of preparatory works, we also mowed and cleaned the banks of the riverbed.
Year 2020 and 2021:
Unfortunately, in 2020, the lake’s water level remained high, halting construction work. In 2021, we reinitiated preparations, completing them and finalizing the restoration process (C3, C4), successfully concluding this action.
C2 - Fish evacuation from watercourse Stržen in the area of construction works - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
The straight canal that was filled in during the construction works phase of the restoration (C3) previously housed various aquatic fauna, including fish and crustaceans. To prepare for the canal filling, ZZRS was tasked with capturing and relocating as many of these specimens as possible. ZZRS was responsible for execution of this action. In the project, only fish translocation was initially foreseen. However, during the initial field visits of the lake, it was observed that crustaceans were also present in the canal. Given the large scale of the activity and the need for efficient capture and relocation, external assistance with high qualifications and proper equipment was required, in addition to the assistance from all project partners. In early 2019, NRP conducted a public tender procedure to secure the necessary assistance, and local Angling Club Cerknica was selected for this purpose. ZZRS initially developed a capture plan for fish and crustaceans, which was then presented and coordinated with the Angling Club Cerknica. During this coordination meeting, the workflow, necessary equipment, and task assignments for all parties involved in the capture were agreed upon and finalized.
The excavation of the meander (C1, C3, C4) deviated from the original plan. After fully excavating the former double meander in the first year of restoration, an upper stream crossing was established on the upper part of canal. This upper stream crossing served a dual purpose: it separated the canal from the riverbed and provided access to the land inside the meander. After establishing the upper stream crossing, restoration work had to be postponed due to an increase in the water level. Since there were no modifications to the canal in 2019, the construction works did not impact water organisms. Water remained in the canal as well as in the redirected riverbed. As a result, the removal of fish and crustaceans from the canal was unnecessary in the first year.
The capture of fish and crustaceans was carried out in 2021, concurrently with the continuation of restoration work (C3), just before filling up the canal. The process of removing crustaceans from the canal began in the middle of July 2021. The team regularly emptied the cages over the course of a two weeks, measuring, identifying genders, and counting the crustaceans. With the new meander already dug out, ZZRS had the opportunity to relocate the territorial crustaceans to these new, uninhabited areas. On July 25, 2021, the entire team gathered for the fish capture of the upper part of canal. Initially, some water was pumped out of the canal to facilitate the use of nets. The team waded through the canal with nets from highest point to the end of the upper part of the canal, capturing as many fish as possible and relocating them to the new riverbed. This process was repeated several times, so most of the fish were captured. The final fish capture from the lower part of the canal took place on July 30, 2021. Process was the same as on the upper part of the canal.
Results:
C3 - Stržen restoration – construction works - COMPLETED
Once the preparation works are done and the fish have been caught and removed to safety, construction works on the watercourse Stržen will begin. This intervention will be incredibly challenging. Due to the great amount of excavated materials, complexity of the terrain, sensitive ecosystem and because works can only be carried out during the dry period, an excellent organization is required for a successful intervention in the riverbed. In the scope of the construction works we will excavate soil from the filled-up former meanders and redirect the water into the newly-dug riverbed. The current regulated channel will be filled with the excavated material.
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Year 2019:
Despite the unusually rainy August weather and the consequential hardships with executing preparation works (action C.1), with extraordinary coordination, special mechanization and well thought-out approach, we managed to dig out the complete former double meander in the area Ključi, with a total length of 2,1 km.
Once the original riverbed had been dug out, it was separated from the existing riverbed – the channel – only by retaining seals. At the same time, these seals served as access roads to land on the inside of both meanders. For this reason, we weren’t able to remove the seals immediately, only after we had arranged new access roads over the current riverbed – channel. Four consolidations of the bank are planned, on locations where the old and the new riverbed meet.
In 2019, we set up the highest up-stream crossing. Afterwards, we removed the upper seal of the watercourse and redirected it into the new meander. The water stayed in the channel as well, but it is being filled from the lower side.
This approach, which was more environmentally suitable, had no adverse effects on aquatic life and simplified the process of capturing and relocating fish and crustaceans (C2).
During the excavation in 2019, some of the material placed by the riverbed was transported to the canal.
In 2021, all remaining excavated material by the riverbed of the new meander was also transferred to the canal. Additionally, three other stream crossings were established in 2021: one to close the upper section of the previous canal and two to close the lower part of the canal now divided by the original watercourse. Then, water was pumped from the canal to an appropriate level for capturing fish and crustaceans. Once the relocation was complete, the water was entirely pumped out of the canal, allowing it to gradually fill with soil from both sides, marking the completion of the canal filling and enabling the transition to the final construction works in action C4. Detailed technical steps of restoration performed are evident from Construction Measurement Book.
GALLERY of construction works:
C4 - Stržen restoration – final construction works - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Within this action, the final construction works for the restoration of the Stržen watercourse in the Ključi area have been successfully carried out. Originally, the final restoration activities were planned to include the installation of wooden pillars with a diameter of 30 cm and the creation of wattle fencing around these installed pillars. However, due to modification in the restoration process, the use of wooden pillars was incorporated into action C3, as part of the process of establishing four stream crossing barriers. Additionally, in 2021, stones were added to reinforce the banks of the watercourse. During the final construction works in 2021, these banks were covered and concealed with a layer of soil to create a natural environment and accelerate the growth of native riparian vegetation.
Indeed, as indicated in actions C1 and C3, the restoration occurred in two phases: first in 2019 and then in 2021. In the context of this action, all prior preparatory activities from action C1, such as site marking, container installation, toilets placement, notice and warning signs placement, and riverbed route marking, were reversed. This involved the removal of all construction site markings, the retrieval of containers, toilets, and the elimination of any markings on the riverbed. As the restoration work took place in both 2019 and 2021, it’s important to note that all these construction site removal activities were performed by the contractor, effectively restoring the site twice to its natural state. The final construction works, thereby concluding the restoration process, were finalized on August 10, 2021. Throughout the restoration process, the project team provided continuous monitoring and oversight.
In the subsequent stages, several administrative procedures were initiated. A conclusive meeting, incorporating a qualitative evaluation, was convened, with the participation of the project manager, construction supervisor, technical project designer, and the head of the construction team. The construction company, NIVO EKO, prepared a Statement of Work Completion, a Record of Qualitative Assessment, and a document titled Evidence of the Reliability of Maintenance Activities for the Public Benefit. NRP commissioned a Geodetic Record of the final state. Based on the Geodetic Record, a Project of Performed Work (PID) was prepared in October 2021. All mentioned documents, including the Construction Measurement Book (C3 Deliverable), were reviewed during the final meeting, where a Handover Report was signed. In addition to the Handover Report, the other mentioned documents are also part of the deliverable.
One of the planned activities for this action involved planting of riparian vegetation shrubs. The project itself aimed to improve habitat type 3180* and provide benefits to the bittern, a target species. The Ključi area, where the restoration took place, is a critical component of the designated quiet zone for the bittern (C5). Managing this quiet zone includes the crucial task of preventing shrub growth. As planting riparian vegetation shrubs would have a negative impact on the bittern and other species that are dependent on the vital reed habitats, this activity was not carried out. Furthermore, the implementation of a revised methodology to minimize machinery’s impact on the lakebed by using large metal plates underneath, prevented significant damage to the grass rush. During the restoration process, the existing reeds along the stream were just trampled. Remarkably, just one month after the restoration, the reeds displayed signs of revitalization. Replanting was not performed due to the rapid recovery of the area, as we opted to let nature take its course and undergo a natural revitalization process.
C5 - Establishment of a quiet zone for Botaurus stellaris - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
(1) Nesting habitat arrangement for the Bittern: As part of this sub-action, (i) establishing a quiet zone over 100 hectares was planned, encompassing the area around the restored Stržen watercourse; (ii) removing (cutting) specific vegetation types such as Juncus sp. and Salix sp.; and (iii) excavating at least 10 round water holes (windows or potholes), with each hole having a minimum surface area of 4 m².
During the field trip for quiet zone plan preparation (A2), project partners identified that the original water hole design could inadvertently trap fish. In response, DOPPS and ZZRS proposed a revised plan to benefit both fish and the Bittern. The new design featured a large, 500 m² tear-shaped water retention area with a central canal connected to the Stržen riverbed, replacing the initial 10 water holes. In 2021, the NRP made a strategic decision to expand the tear-shaped depression to include the full extent of the small meander. This expansion was feasible due to the NRP’s ownership of the pertinent land, granting the freedom to modify the restoration scope. Initially envisioned as multiple small water holes totalling 40 m², the plan was first modified to a single tear-shaped surface of 500 m² and ultimately implemented as a substantial 2.7-hectare water retention area. The construction of this water retention area was carried out in 2021.
However, this expansion was not the sole alteration made. Throughout the project, numerous Bittern monitoring activities (A1, D1) were conducted. Triangulations tracking the Bittern revealed a wider habitat range than initially anticipated. Consequently, the NRP resolved to enlarge the quiet zone from the original 100 hectares to 219 hectares, extending up to the small watercourse of Tresenec.
Besides the water holes – which were ultimately substituted with a 2.7-hectare retention area – the removal (cutting) of specific vegetation types, such as Juncus sp. and Salix sp., was another planned activity of this action. NRP, in collaboration with other landowners, carried out mulching and mowing activities throughout the entire enlarged quiet zone (at 219 hectares instead of 100 hectares), ensuring that the area was cleared of undesirable vegetation as per the zone’s management guidelines. Despite variations and some delays in the original planned timeline, the final implementation of this sub-action activities greatly exceeded the anticipated indicators.
(2) Long-term and Comprehensive Quiet Zone Management: This sub-action encompasses four key activities: (i) Engagement with Landowners – Establishing agreements and negotiations for land use in the quiet zone, (ii) Fishing Prohibition in Stržen Restoration Area – Officially designating the restored segment of the Stržen as a no-fishing zone to protect the habitat, (iii) Management Plan Update for Lake Cerknica – Incorporating new management guidelines into the existing plan to reflect the quiet zone’s objectives and (iv) Coordination with Local Hunters – Facilitating dialogue with hunting fraternities to align their activities with the quiet zone’s conservation goals.
Communication with landowners: Although most of the land suitable for Bittern habitat is under the ownership of the NRP, where management adjustments were undertaken, it was crucial to ensure that private landowners were well-informed about these changes. Effective management of the quiet zone also depends on landowners understanding the implications and significance of the new management strategies being implemented. Therefore, for the originally planned area of the quiet zone, covering 100 hectares, the NRP had anticipated conducting individual communications with approximately 28 landowners.
In 2020 and 2021, the NRP faced unforeseen challenges due to the Covid-19 pandemic and was unable to carry out in-person communication with landowners. Efforts to adapt to these circumstances through online and telephonic communication methods proved ineffective, as the landowners are predominantly elderly. Moreover, with the expansion of the quiet zone from the initially planned 100 hectares to 219 hectares, the number of private land plots within this enlarged area grew to 157. Consequently, in March 2022, the NRP requested for project prolongation. The NRP successfully completed in-person communication by August 2023. All landowners residing in the Municipality of Cerknica were visited by NRP staff. Those from other regions or abroad were contacted by phone, and the NRP also sent them explanatory letters with invitation for personal meetings if desired. In total, owners of 115 land plots were visited in person, and owners of 19 land plots were informed by letter. However, the NRP could not establish contact with the owners of 31 land plots, primarily because the inheritance process was unperformed, and the owners remained unknown. In 2023, three meeting with villagers were organized. In 2022, the NRP applied for, and in September 2023 initiated a new LIFE TRSCA project. This project aims to further improve the quiet zone’s management by developing and introducing new agri-environmental measures that will financially bolster Bittern-friendly habitat management.
Furthermore, in 2022, the NRP obtained agreements from all three Agrarian communities of the project area: Agrarian Community Otok, Agrarian Community Gorenje jezero and Agrarian Community Dolenje jezero. These agreements are for the implementation of further steps to develop and implement Bittern friendly agri-environmental measures and for their involvement in the new LIFE project.
Exclusion of the Stržen restoration area from the fishing territory: The fishing management of the Cerknica lake is divided between the Angling Club Cerknica, responsible for the management of the lower part of the lake, and ZZRS, managing the upper part. The border begins directly where the restoration of Stržen was performed. Specifically, the restored 2.1-kilometer stretch of Stržen within this quiet zone falls under the jurisdiction of the ZZRS, as mandated by Slovenian legislation. This section has been officially declared a fishing reserve, where fishing is now prohibited. The delineation of this reserve was recorded in the Fishery Cadastre (orig. Ribiški kataster) in 2018 and has been incorporated into all relevant ZZRS plans. Since 2019, the fishing restrictions within this reserve are indicated on fishing permits. Additionally, the NRP has installed informational pillars at key entry points to this part of Cerknica Lake to clearly mark the quiet zone.
Update of the Current Management Plan for Lake Cerknica: During the LIFE06/NAT/SI/000069 project, the NRP developed a Detailed Management Plan for the intermittent Lake Cerknica, which was endorsed by the Municipal Council in 2010. This document is essential for the lake’s management. With the establishment of the quiet zone for the Bittern, it became necessary to integrate new management guidelines into the existing plan. Consequently, the NRP revised the management plan by inserting a new chapter that outlined the quiet zone’s boundaries and included management guidelines from Action A2. The process of obtaining approval for this updated plan commenced in September 2023. The Municipal Council scheduled a discussion of this update for its sixth session on October 19, 2023. In preparation, on October 18, one day before the Council meeting, the NRP presented and defended the revisions to the Committee for Environment and Infrastructure. The following day, the Municipal Council unanimously approved the updated Management Plan.
Engagement with Local Hunting Communities: In 2018, the project team initiated active dialogue with the local hunting community. NRP organized individual workshops with the leaders of three hunting fraternities, during which we introduced them to the LIFE Stržen project and the proposed quiet zone. These workshops served as a platform to discuss the hunters’ concerns, as well as the challenges and potential benefits that the quiet zone could introduce. Throughout 2019, NRP convened with the presidents of the hunting fraternities for two additional workshops. By 2020, NRP had completed six planned workshops. These sessions focused on the establishment of the quiet zone and the long-term vision for sustainable ecosystem services, including a proposal to transition from hunting to bear watching as an alternative source of income. This idea garnered interest from the hunting fraternity leaders, leading NRP to propose the construction of bear observatories to the EC as part of C5 project’s activities. These observatories have been built in early 2023. The ongoing communication with the hunting fraternities has been successful. NRP facilitated an additional workshop which, aside from the hunting fraternity presidents, was also attended by the regional president. The discussions were open and addressed the complexities and conflicts perceived by the hunting community. The hunters expressed their support for the NRP’s strategies to reduce quotas for certain species and unanimously agreed to halt all hunting activities within the quiet zone, an area now encompassed by the new LIFE TRSCA project. In 2022, they formalized their commitment through a letter of support.
Results:
C6 - Establishment of infrastructure for diverting visitors away from the most sensitive parts of the project area - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
In the scope of this action, Notranjska Regional Park selected external assistance, who set up guiding infrastructure in the project area, based on the architectural plans designed in the framework of action A3. This reduced the pressure of visitors to the most sensitive areas of Cerknica Lake and the quiet zone.
The infrastructure was planned to consist of:
- Entry-exit point for vessels with notice and interpretation boards;
- Ten guiding-interpretation points with interpretation boards;
- Bird observation infrastructure with interpretation boards.
The interpretation boards inform visitors about the navigation regime on the lake, important animal species and the importance of conserving habitat types, as well as about the LIFE financial mechanism.
Year 2019:
In early 2019, NRP started the process of Public Tender for external assistance for placing the infrastructure. The only offer we received far exceeded the amount of the means guaranteed for the service, so we were forced to decline that offer.
We repeated the Public Tender in June 2019 with certain changes in the demands of the Tender publisher. In addition, we excluded the entry-exit point for vessels from the Tender, due to practical and administrative complications. This time, the Public Tender was successful. The chosen providor was company Proform d.o.o. In August 2019, we signed a contract with them for the establishment of ten guiding-interpretation points and the bird observatory Nad Levišči.
Immediately after the contract was signed, we began with coordinating meetings with the selected providor concerning the design of information boards on the infrastructure and the preparation of detailed technical plans for the bird observatory. Certain previously already finished contents for information boards had to be rewritten after consulting with the providor and the designer, as well as translated to English. The translator was chosen by NRP with a process of Small Public Tender.
By October 2019, NRP approved Proform’s work plan, and construction commenced with groundwork activities. Construction for the bird observatory began in November 2019, and by December 2019, eight (out of ten) guiding/interpretation points and the bird observatory were completed, with the remaining two points pending due to the entry/exit point’s construction.
Year 2020-2022:
NRP faced challenges with the entry/exit point. NRP proposed, and the EC acknowledged an alternative to exclude the entry/exit point and instead, reallocate one guiding point and add two new ones to guide visitors at the lake’s entrance. This reorganization ensures visitors are efficiently directed, starting with the first guiding/interpretation point positioned at the lake’s entrance. This point introduces the sailing regime and directs visitors to the relocated second guiding/interpretation point, which includes four elements. These two guiding/interpretative points are designed to serve visitors with vessels and educational groups. The completion of the alternative arrangement, including the establishment of the two remaining points from the first phase, was achieved in April 2022. Additionally, the Beekeepers Association, with an educational site between two trail points, expressed interest in integrating their learning path with the established infrastructure. Concurrently with the process of alternative infrastructure placement, NRP added five benches at this location.
Results:
C7 - Activities for diverting visitors away from the most sensitive parts of the protected area - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
The first step towards eliminating the threat of visitors disturbing the most sensitive parts of Natura 2000 areas and the quiet zone for Bittern was to set up basic infrastructure. Additionally, we have established active communication with visitors to the area and supervision over the implementation of tourist activities. Our priority was communicating with the visitors who deliberately and knowingly break the rules of the protected area. At first, we only communicated with them, in the case of further violations, however, we introduced special supervision and sanctions by the Inter-Municipal Supervisors and the Police. Lastly, by organizing interactive workshops, we raised awareness and educated tour guides in the protected area. We offered them support at designing nature-friendly ways of guiding tourists.
C7.1: Active communication with visitors of the protected area
NRP was required to ensure an active presence at the lake to monitor visitor activities. Collaboration with police and the Inter-Municipal Inspectorate was planned, as this would become crucial when the focus towards awareness-raising would shift to penalty enforcement. In September 2017, NRP initiated monitoring’s at the lake, which included procuring an all-terrain vehicle for patrols. Inspections were conducted several times a week, throughout the project’s timeline, except during COVID-19 lockdowns. In total, NRP performed 635 inspections, documented with internal reports and photos. During inspections NRP documented illegal landfills around the lake, pinpointed spots where people gathered at night, and identified areas used for illegal camping. In 2019, although initial plans encompassed coordination solely with police and inspection services, NRP broadened its collaborative network to include a wider array of stakeholders in nature surveillance, such as the Municipality of Cerknica, the Institute for Nature Conservation, and the National Administration for Food Safety, Veterinary Sector, and Plant Protection. In 2019, NRP coordinated a successful enforcement action over a weekend with the Cerknica Police Station and the Inter-Municipal Inspectorate of Postojna. Following the success of this operation, all parties agreed to continue and expand their collaboration for the duration of the project. In 2020, NRP started the process of signage placement in areas identified as having inadequate signalization. Additionally, NRP technical worker gained a certificate of competence as a nature conservation supervisor.
1. Inappropriate activities on Cerknica Lake:
2. Informing visitors of inappropriate activities:
C7.2: Education of tourist guides
Sub-action C7.2 was executed as planned, with the NRP facilitating 8 workshops (surpassing the 6 originally planned) from April 2019 to May 2021 to enhance the expertise of local licensed tour guides. There were three workshops held in 2019, one in 2020, and four in 2021. In total, workshops were attended by 155 participants. These sessions focused on the sensitive ecosystems of Cerknica Lake and on the development of sustainable tourism practices. Participants and the NRP collaboratively created and refined eco-friendly touring scenarios, which were subsequently tested during thematic weekends (C7.3). This hands-on approach enabled the collection of real-time feedback from visitors, fostering the continuous improvement of sustainable guided experiences around the lake. Additionally, the NRP prepared basic guidelines for the tour guides, providing essential information about the lake’s natural environment and its significance.
C7.3: Stimulation of use of new tourist products – guiding visitors by organizing thematic weekends
From 2019 to 2021, NRP organized thematic weekends at Cerknica Lake, totalling 128 planned activities over the three years (surpassing the 120 planned – 60 weekends). Despite occasional cancellations due to bad weather or COVID restrictions, attendance steadily increased, reaching a total of 1,475 visitors. In 2019, out of 42 planned activities, 33 were performed. In 2020, there were 45 planned activities, of which 36 were carried out. Similarly, in 2021, out of 41 planned activities, 33 were successfully executed. The activities were free of charge. This way, local guides were able to test newly designed tourist products without worrying about finances, as their guiding was paid for by NRP. Economically viable tourist products were developed and in 2022, they were placed on the market. NRP continues this work beyond the project’s conclusion.
Results:
Actions D: Monitoring the impact of project actions
D1 - Monitoring the impact of the project - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
The success of project activities is shown based on the following three indicators:
D1.1: Improvement of hydro-morphological traits of the restored area (length of the watercourse and water retention time at low water levels). These traits show the success of actions C1, C2, C3 and C4. They were measured before and after the restoration. It was expected that the length of the watercourse will increase by 1,5 km and the water retention time will be 20 days longer than before the restoration.
D1.2: Nesting of Botaurus stellaris in the quiet zone shows the success of action C5. DOPPS – Birdlife Slovenia regularly monitored the population of the Bittern on Cerknica Lake during nesting season. We expected that the Bittern’s habitat will enlarge and improve on the surface of 100 ha. This has a positive impact on other species of nesting birds as well.
D1.3: Decreased visitor pressure to the most sensitive parts of the project area is an indicator for the success of project action C7 – the establishment of guiding infrastructure.
D1.1: Improvement of hydro-morphological traits of the restored area
In January 2018, NRP performed a public procurement for the production of a hydrological analysis. By July 2019, the chosen provider had prepared a hydrological hydraulic calculation of the impact of the Stržen restoration in the Ključi area, as well as an animation showing the impact of riverbed restoration. The calculations, based on technical project documentation and a pre-restoration geodetic record, theoretically confirmed the indicator of restoration. In 2023, when the watercourse restoration process was completed, the provider repeated the calculation of indicators. The calculations confirmed the planned indicators. The Stržen riverbed is even a little bit longer than planned – by 1.55 km (planned 1.5 km), and it was proved that the water will stay in the riverbed at least 20 days longer than before the restoration. A huge improvement was also in water particle time, from 30 minutes to impressive 3 hours and 15 minutes. The speed of the water was greatly reduced.
Results:
- Hydrological analysis of the impact of renaturation of Stržen in the area Ključi – before the intervention works
- Hydrological analysis of the impact of renaturation of Stržen in the area Ključi – after the intervention works
- Hydrological study – video demonstration of the impact of the planned activities
D1.2: Nesting of Botaurus stellaris in the quiet zone
Year 2018: In 2018, DOPPS performed booming male triangulation as planned (five times in the breeding season).
Year 2019: In 2019, DOPPS performed four triangulations or determinations of the location of booming males. Males were registered on three locations: Levišča, Beli breg and Ključi. No more than two males were heard simultaneously, however.
Year 2020: In 2020, DOPPS performed four triangulations of the Bittern from late March untill early June.
During previous inventories, we realized the most appropriate method is getting as close as possible to their singing position. In 2020, we therefore used a combination of different methods.
Year 2021: In 2021, DOPPS performed four triangulations of the Bittern.
Year 2022: DOPPS was present at the lake also in 2022, but the booming male was not detected.
Within this sub-action, we had to prove two indicators, both linked to the outcome of establishing the quiet zone (C5). The first indicator was that the appropriate nesting habitat for the bittern would be extended and improved on at least 100 hectares. The second indicator was set so that, as a result of project activities, at least one bittern would be in the area of the quiet zone. DOPPS conducted 5 triangulations of booming males in 2018, 4 in 2019, 4 in 2020, and 4 in 2021. In total, 17 out of the planned 20 triangulations were performed. Despite the lower number of triangulations, DOPPS monitored the bittern presence during the monitoring within action D3 and used this result for action D1 as well.
In 2023, DOPPS prepared the Final Report with all findings clearly presented. In most nesting seasons, there were two or at least one booming male at the lake. The presence is highly dependent on the water level of the lake. The results of the bittern monitoring activities, especially the triangulations tracking the Bittern, revealed a wider habitat range than initially anticipated. Consequently, the NRP resolved to enlarge the quiet zone from the original 100 hectares to 219 hectares, extending up to the small watercourse of Tresenec. The indicator set on 100 hectares was therefore exceeded.
Results:
- Report: Status of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) on Cerknica Lake in 2018
- Report: Status of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) on Cerknica Lake in 2019
- Report: Status of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) on Cerknica Lake in 2020
- Report: Status of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) on Cerknica Lake in 2021
- Report: Status of the Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) on Cerknica Lake in 2021 and 2022 with the final report
D1.3: Decreased visitor pressure to the most sensitive parts of the project area
In November 2017, NRP installed three visitor counters at key entry points to the most sensitive areas of the lake, where tourist visits are either not desired or harmful, with the aim of obtaining accurate data on visits to these areas and checking the success of project actions after the guiding infrastructure (C6) and the active communication (C7) establishment. The goal was to reduce entries to the sensitive parts of the lake by at least 80%. Measurements were carried out with the help of three automatic counters and data loggers for transitions. NRP monitored the change in visitor trespass at three locations. At the Gorenje Jezero location, pressure on sensitive areas decreased by 78.5%, at the Ribiški kot location by 77.7%, and at the Dolenje Jezero location by 80.9%. On average, NRP managed to redirect 79.03% of visitors from the sensitive parts of Lake Cerknica, which is slightly less than planned (80%), but nevertheless, we can conclude that the project activities were successful.
Results:
Result of action D.1:
D2 - Assessment of socio-economic impacts of the project on local population and their economy - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
The Assessment of socio-economic impacts of the project, prepared by NRP and with the support of external assistance aimed to assess the socio-economic impacts on the local population and economy, particularly through the preservation of the natural environment. This assessment emphasized the valuation of ecosystem services provided by the Natura 2000 area, notably those enhanced by the LIFE project, including benefits to tourism, agriculture, hunting, and fishing.
Data collection began in November 2017, with the initial draft of the study completed by June 2018. NRP conducted 506 visitor surveys from April to November 2018, surpassing the planned 500, and completed all intended interviews from August to December 2019. These interviews encompassed a diverse group, including 10 tourism providers, the presidents of three Hunting Fraternities, the leadership of the Angling Club Cerknica, 10 landowners, five private company directors, and the mayor of the Municipality of Cerknica.
A second round of data collection took place from May 2021 to April 2022, surveying another 500 visitors. Stakeholder interviews were conducted from December 2022 to January 2023. This continuous engagement ensured comprehensive insights into the project’s impact, leading to the Final Assessment in August 2023.
The study revealed that the LIFE STRŽEN project not only met its conservation objectives, enhancing the condition of priority species and habitats but also introduced notable socio-economic benefits. These included the creation of new employment opportunities and the fostering of a sustainability-oriented economy. The project significantly boosted ecosystem services crucial to human well-being. It also established strong alliances with local entrepreneurs, reinforcing conservation efforts. By engaging the local community in its communication strategies, the project successfully fostered a favourable public perception towards conservation actions, demonstrating the mutual benefits for both the environment and the local society.
Overall, the LIFE STRŽEN project demonstrated the multifaceted benefits of conservation projects, enhancing both community well-being and environmental sustainability, and serving as a model for integrating economic development with nature conservation.
Results:
D3 - Assessment of the ecosystem function restoration - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
Any physical interference with nature firstly means local environmental degradation. By excavating the former meanders of Stržen and filling the regulated straight channel we have heavily influenced the aquatic and wetland ecosystems. This is why it was necessary to monitor the restoration of such a degraded environment and show the trend of pursuing the long-term goal of the project, which was the improvement of the conservation status of target species and habitat types, as well as restoration of water, riparian and wetland ecosystems. Ecosystem functions were assessed before, immediately after the construction works and in the last year of the project. They were monitored in the project area in two parts:
D3.1: Restoration of the water and riparian ecosystems
1. Sampling of fish communities has been carried out by ZZRS in Sep 2017, in Oct 2018, in Oct 2019, in May 2020, in Oct 2021, in May 2022 and in Oct 2023. Before the watercourse interventions in 2017 and 2018, the environment was rated as good, hosting 8 fish species and the noble crayfish. During the 2019 and 2021 restoration work, there was a significant decline in biodiversity, with species numbers falling to 4 in 2019 before partially recovering to 6 in 2020. This immediate negative effect was anticipated because of the massive construction activities. From 2021 to 2023, the ecosystem began to show signs of improvement, moving fast towards its pre-intervention state, including the return of the noble crayfish in 2022. Despite the initial adverse impacts, the condition of the watercourse is expected to see significant long-term improvements, with native species adapting faster than invasive one’s post-intervention.
Results:
2. Sampling of benthic invertebrates
In addition to fish samplings, samplings of benthic invertebrates have been carried out by Biotechnical Faculty (BF). BF performed samplings in Aug and Sep 2018, in Aug 2020 and in Jul and Aug 2021. BF notes that the sampling results from 2020 and 2021 indicate that the condition of benthic invertebrates in the newly dug out riverbed improves each year.
Results:
- Report on samplings of benthic invertebrates for year 2018
- Report on samplings of benthic invertebrates for year 2020
- Report on samplings of benthic invertebrates for year 2021 with the final report
3. Sampling of riparian vegetation
Within this sub-action, NRP performed samplings of riparian vegetation. Samplings were performed in Jul and Aug 2018 and in Jun and Jul 2020. In the survey area, 19 species from the Slovenian Red List of Endangered Plant Species were present, with 13 plant species recorded in 2018 and 2020, and 6 species recorded only in 2020 and not in 2018, while two species, which were found in 2018, were not confirmed in 2022. Due to extensive construction work of watercourse restoration, the condition of some plant species significantly deteriorated, while some species (Butomus umbellatus, Rorippa amphibia, Alisma plantago-aquatica) quickly settled in degraded areas. It is estimated that the plant community will eventually recover to a state typical for each habitat type at Lake Cerknica.
Results:
- Report on the survey of habitat types and flora in the area Ključi in 2018 – before the intervention
- Report on the survey of habitat types and flora in the area Ključi in 2022 – after the intervention
D3.2: Restoration of wetland ecosystem
From 2018 to 2022, all bird monitoring’s were carried out as planned. The mapping census in the quiet zone focused on Porzana porzana, Porzana parva, Rallus aquaticus, Aythya nyroca and other reed-associated species, underscoring the area’s ecological importance for these birds. Alongside the mapping census, a habitat census was also performed, providing critical data on the environmental conditions essential for the sustenance of these species. DOPPS led the transect count to assess the number of Acrocephalus arundinaceus and Locustella luscinioides, complemented by night censuses for Porzana spp. and Rallus aquaticus, as well as planned censuses of other bird species. The results were presented in annual reports prepared by DOPPS. The thorough bird monitoring from 2018 to 2022 has successfully identified a significant number of important and protected bird species within the designated quiet zone, confirming the effectiveness of the project in conserving habitats for the bittern and other reed-dependent bird species.
Results:
- Report on the survey of birds on Cerknica Lake in 2018
- Report on the survey of birds on Cerknica Lake in 2019
- Report on the survey of birds on Cerknica Lake in 2020
- Report on the survey of birds on Cerknica Lake in 2021 and 2022
Final result:
Action E: Public awareness and dissemination of results
E1 - Project promotion and awareness raising - COMPLETED
Status: Action has been fully implemented and completed
With the goal of ensuring the success of the project and to provide the interested public with an insight into our activities, we have established a website, where we regularly published the latest news. The content is available in both Slovenian and English. At the end of the project we prepared a Layman’s report for locals and the general public in which we presented the goals and achievements of the project.
Additionally, we have established an internet portal and smartphone application which encourages users to enter data on bird spotting on Cerknica Lake. This way, an internet database of birds on Cerknica Lake has been developed. Using the portal is simple and user-friendly.
The locals were regularly informed about project activities through local and national media, as well as a blog and several short presentation films.
E1.1 – Information boards, projec twebsite and Layman’s report
Small notice boards were mounted at the project beneficiaries’ premises in December 2017.
Project website was launched in Feb 2018. Website was regularly updated with news of our activities and project results. In Dec 2023 NRP updated the website and placed promotional films (E1.5) on the front page. In total, 350.225 visits of the site (planned 100.000) were reached, 5.003 on average per month (planned: 2.000).
Layman’s Report was prepared in Dec 2023 and distributed to households of Municipality Cerknica, Bloke and Loška dolina.
E1.2. – Internet portal and smartphone application
Internet portal and mobile application was developed in April 2021. Portal is available on: https://atlas-nrp.ptice.si/ and mobile application on: https://atlas-lifestrzen.ptice.si/eptice.apk. Until Dec 2023, 3637 data of bird’s observation in the NRP area were sent through portal or applications (out of 1000 planned). QR code for mobile application was added and is available in Bird observatory.
E1.3 – Working with the media
Media publishments: Planned media publishments and announcements, except for local TV Oron, as they requested payment were highly overreached. More detailed information regarding media presence is available in Media Analysis.
MEDIA | PLANNED | PERFORMED |
Local newspaper “Slivniški pogledi” | 60 | 81 |
Regional newspaper “Notranjsko primorske novice” | 15 | 17 |
Local Radio “Radio 94” – broadcasts | 25 | 138 |
Local TV “TV Oron” | 5 | 3 |
National media – articles/broadcasts | 10 | 92 |
On-line announcements in different media channels | none | 97 |
E1.4 – Project blog
NRP launched the project blog earlier than planned, in Sep 2017. In total, 313 blogs were published. On 12 Mar 2024 there were 129.243 pageviews and the number is still increasing. On average, there were 1313 blog views per month (planned: 100). NRP recorded blog views with online programme Blogger.
The blog is accessible on the following link: http://lifestrzen.blogspot.com/
E1.5 – Short presentation films of project LIFE Stržen
We have selected topics for all four presentation films.
1. The first presentation film is dedicated to the topic of undesired activities in the project area and was released in January 2019.
The first presentation film is accessible on the following link: Dark side of Cerknica Lake
2. The second film was released in December 2019 and focuses on the birds of Cerknica Lake through the eyes of a local bird enthusiast, Anže Škoberne. It is available on this link: Birds of Cerknica Lake.
3. The third film was released in November 2020. It talks about the attitude of locals towards the lake and the infrastructure, which will keep it in the condition which locals love and cherish. It is available on this link: The magical lake. Lake Cerknica, Slovenia.
4. The fourth film was released in September 2021. It tells the story of the return of the image of Cerknica Lake to the time a century ago when humans had not yet interfered with its natural cycles and characteristics. The film is dedicated to the restoration of the meanders of the Stržen River and the legendary defender of Cerknica Lake, Pavle Kunaver. This sadly deceased geographer and historian, mountaineer, caver, skier, passionate advocate for nature conservation, and prolific popular science writer, is undoubtedly one of the most deserving individuals for ensuring that in the 1960s, Cerknica Lake was not completely drained and turned into a permanent reservoir, around which hotels, restaurants, and perhaps even a hydroelectric power plant would have been built. In the film, his son, the distinguished Professor Jurij Kunaver, speaks, hoping that his father could have seen with his own eyes the Stržen River flowing once again through the meanders that were taken from it a century ago. Accessible at the link: In memory of Pavle Kunaver.
5. The fifth film was released in 2023. It is also about the implemented restoration: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZ2ncUOwh8Q&t=11s.
Promotional material: NRP produced two banners – one with bittern and the other about restoration. NRP produced parking watches that were distributed to all households of Notranjska region (together with the bulletin), school notebooks that has been distributed to all local children, USB keys, bandanas and wooden crayons that were a general promotional material distributed to main stakeholders and to different local associations searching for promotional material for their events.
E2 - Networking and dissemination of project results - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
In the scope of this action, we got in contact with coordinating partners of LIFE projects, similar to LIFE STRŽEN, and actively disseminated the project results. We visited various protected areas and organizations dealing with nature conservation and working on LIFE projects. This opened new opportunities for further international cooperation in the field of nature conservation and ensuring favourable conditions for endangered species. Through this cooperation and exchange of information based on good practices, the effectiveness of executing project activities increased as well. During the implementation of our project we were aided by past project experiences of other organizations. In order to transfer examples of good practice, active participation in conferences or other similar events were foreseen in the scope of this action as well.
E2.1: Networking with other projects
In September 2017, we visited project LIFE Coastlake »Restoration of Bittern habitats in two coastal lakes in Latvia« (LIFE12 NAT/LV/000118) and the Biebrza National Park, the lead partner of two LIFE projects: Restoration of the hydrological system in the Middle Basin in the Biebrza Valley. Phase I (LIFE09 NAT/PL/000258) and Restoration of hydrological system in the Middle Basin of the Biebrza Valley. Phase II (LIFE13 NAT/PL/000050). We also visited Bittern researcher Dr Marcin Polak from Maria Curie – Sklodowska University in Poland. Dr Polak visited Slovenia in spring 2018 to help search for the Bittern’s nest and capture one specimen (action A1).
In March 2018, we visited Ireland. We met with Ruairí Ó Conchúir in the Burren National Park, where the BurrenLIFE (LIFE04 NAT/IE/000125) project was implemented. He also presented projects GeoparkLIFE (LIFE11 ENV/IE/000922) and Mulkear LIFE (LIFE07 NAT/IRL/000342). We met also with manager of project KerryLIFE (LIFE13 NAT/IE/000144).
With the networking activities valuable information were received for implementation of bittern actions A1, A2 and C5 and for restoration. In the scope of this action, project LIFE STRŽEN results were also added to the RiverWiki, established by project EU LIFE + RESTORE: Restorerivers.eu – LIFE STRŽEN article. As planned, networking with four LIFE project managers was performed, but the results of seven LIFE projects were presented.
E2.2: Dissemination of project results
LIFE STRŽEN project results were highly disseminated. In total, project results were shared on 20 different events (out of 12 planned). Conferences: Project LIFE STRŽEN was presented on 6 conferences: (1) The International Conference – LIFE agriculture – solutions for environmentally sustainable farming (May 2018), (2) The International Conference – The management of cross-border water bodies – comparing experiences (Nov 2018), (3) The international conference – EBCC – Bird Numbers 2019 (Apr 2019), (4) The conference for water management sector in Slovenia – 30. Mišičev vodarski dan (Nov 2019), (5) The 12th European Conference on Ecological Restoration (SERE) (Sep 2021) and (6) The 21st International EURO-INBO conference (Oct 2023). Direct dissemination of restoration knowledge: NRP shared knowledge of restoration from obtaining the permits to direct implementation with: (1) Representatives of different organizations dealing with nature conservation in Scotland (Jul 2018), (2) Institute Revivo (Mar 2020), (3) SavaParks Network (May 2020), (4) Institute Ruđer Bošković from Croatia, Zagreb (May 2020 and Aug 2022), (5) Representatives of different organizations dealing with nature conservation in Srbia (Nov 2021). Dissemination of other topics knowledge: LIFE STRŽEN project team (1) established cooperation with project LIFE LYNX to optimize activities of local public and stakeholders involvement (Jul 2018), (2) presented results to project team COOP MDD (Interreg Danube Transnational Programme) (Jun 2018), (3) shared information about land purchasing to LIFE AMPHICON team, (4) as well as information about infrastructure establishment (Sep 2020) and (5) shared information regarding nature surveillance at Lake Cerknica to Slovenian LIFE IP team (May 2022). Additionally, project was presented at (1) 57th International Fair of Agriculture and Food, by Irena Likar, chosen for EC face of campaign EU Protects (Aug 2019), (2) Irena Likar lectured on two LIFE workshops organized in the scope of LIFE14 CAP/SI/000012 and (3) presented the LIFE project to new Slovenian Minister for Nature and Environment with focus on how important is to maintain national funding of LIFE projects. LIFE STRŽEN team also participated at LIFE AMFICON International conference (May 2022) and presented the project at the stand. NRP prepared a Report on dissemination, detailing the dissemination activities.
Results:
E2.1: Networking with other projects
- Article on LIFE Stržen on the web portal RiverWiki
- Report on the project exchange – Poland and Latvia
- Report on the project exchange – Ireland
E2.2: Dissemination of project results
- 01_March 2018: LIFE workshop – preparing project LIFE documentation (SLO)
- 02_8 and 9 May 2018: LIFE International networking conference – LIFE farming – environmentally sustainable agriculture (SLO); 02_LIFE International networking conference – Thank you letter for Irena Likar (SLO)
- 03_15 June 2018: Excursion of project Coop MDD – overview of NRP LIFE projects (SLO)
- 04_6 July 2018: Ecosystem management in NRP – a lecture for Scottish nature conservation institutions (SLO)
- 05_20 July 2018 and 14 November 2018: Meeting of project LIFE Lynx and LIFE Stržen teams (SLO)
- 06_16 November 2018: The management of cross-border water bodies – Project Siliffe (SLO); 06_CONFERENCE PROGRAM
- 07_8 – 13. April 2019: Presentation of project LIFE Stržen at the conference EBCC – Bird Numbers 2019 (Évora, Portugal); 07_EBCC_Poster LIFE Stržen; 07_EBCC_BIRD NUMBERS 2019_Book of abstracts
- 08_29 November 2019: Mišičevi dnevi_Maribor
- 09_6 March 2020: Restoration knowledge dissemination_Zavod Revivo_List of Attendance
- 10_25 May 2020: Stržen restoration, Sava Parks Meeting
- 12_28 May 2020: Institut Ruđer Boskovic_List of Attendance
- 13_21 August 2020: Renaturation information_Minister for the environment and spatial planning visit
- 14_16 September 2020: Field trip_Visit of LIFE AMPHICON team_List of Attendance
E3 - Awareness raising among the locals - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
It is crucial for the successful implementation of the project that the locals are regularly informed about activities, being implemented in the scope of the project. We informed them through Information Bulletins, which were published twice a year and were distributed among the households. An electronic version of each Bulletin was published on our website as well. The Bulletins contain key project information. LIFE Stržen was also going planned be presented at the annual event “Notranjska Park Days” in May. at the event, we described the course of the project in detail and show the significance of LIFE projects regarding the complexity of nature conservation. On this event we highlighted the locals who supported our project during the preparation phase and helped us with its implementation. Additionally, we prepared an exhibition of children’s artwork we have received for the creative competition. In the scope of project LIFE Stržen, Notranjska Regional Park offered nature science field trips for schools and organized creative contests for schools and kindergartens, and two nature conservation camps for youth.
E3.1 INFORMING LOCALS ABOUT PROJECT ACTIVITES
1. Information Bulletin
In total, 12 issues of bulletin were prepared. Bulletin is distributed not only to all households of the Municipality of Cerknica but also to households in two neighbour Municipalities. To Municipality Loška dolina and Municipality Bloke, since both are closely connected to the project area and several landowners of Cerknica Lake live there.
- First Information Bulletin Iz tršce (December 2017)
- Second Information Bulletin Iz tršce (May 2018)
- Third Information Bulletin Iz tršce (December 2018)
- Fourth Information Bulletin Iz tršce (May 2019)
- Fifth Information Bulletin Iz tršce (December 2019)
- Sixth Information Bulletin Iz tršce (May 2020).
- Seventh Information Bulletin Iz tršce (November 2020).
- Eight Information Bulletin Iz tršce (May 2021).
2. Event “Day of Notranjska Regional Park”
Year 2018: The first event was organized in May 2018. At the event, we presented winning products of the creative competition and awarded the winners. We organized several workshops and we also set up a special “LIFE corner,” where the project was presented and several activities for children took place. Important LIFE Stržen stakeholders (local tourist farms, local Angling club, Hunting association etc.) participated in the event.
Year 2019: The main event – Day of Notranjska Regional Park – took place on Saturday, 25 May 2019, on the parking lot by Cerknica Lake. Activities began at 8 AM, whereas the stalls and workshops began at 9 AM. Many local stakeholders and guides actively participated in the event and the execution of all activities. At the event, we presented winning products of the creative competition and awarded the winners.
Throughout the day, several activities for children took place at the main event area. We invited other Slovenian LIFE projects partners to participate as well. We invited LIFE for Lasca, LIFE Lynx and LIFE Naturaviva. In addition to the project LIFE Stržen team, they each held children’s workshops on several locations by Cerknica Lake.
Year 2020 and 2021: Unfortunately, we were forced to cancel the event due to restrictions to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
In addition, three similar events were prepared to achieve the planned number of 5 with (1) participation on traditional local event organized by TD Menišija called Na lepi Menišiji in Jun 2022, (2) organization of LIFE project market at the Lake Cerknica in May 2023 and (3) again in Jun 2023. In detail, organization of events is explained in the Final Report on NRP events.
E3.2 INFORMING CHILDREN AND YOUTH
1. Field trips
We prepared four different worksheets for different ages of children.
- Field trip in Notranjska Regional Park, 1st and 2nd grade (SLO)
- Field trip in Notranjska Regional Park, 3rd and 4th grade (SLO)
- Field trip in Notranjska Regional Park, 5th and 6th grade (SLO)
- Field trip in Notranjska Regional Park, 7th, 8th and 9th grade (SLO)
School year 2017/2018: The first nature science field trip was performed in May 2018. By the end of the school year, we carried out 5 field trips, with the number of participating children reaching 516.
School year 2018/2019: In the 2018/2019 school year, we executed 16 activities, with a total number of participating students, highschoolers and preschoolers reaching 844.
School year 2019/2020: In the 2019/2020 school year, we executed 4 activities, with a total number of participating students and highschoolers reaching 104.
School year 2020/2021: In the school year 2020/2021, we carried out 5 activities, where we presented topics, covered by project LIFE Stržen. The total number of participating students was 118. In the spring, due to the closing of schools and Covid-19 restrictions, nature science field trips were not being performed.
In total, 30 nature field trips were performed and 1564 children participated in the field trips. In detail, organization of nature science field trips and its analysis is explained the Final Report on nature field trips with school and participants analysis.
2. Creative competition for schools and kindergartens
School year 2017/2018: As planned, the first creative competition Winter on Cerknica Lake was performed in school year 2017/2018. Winners were awarded at the event Days of Notranjska Regional Park 2018.
School year 2018/2019: We published the second competition titled The Mysterious World of Birds in June 2018, for the school year 2018/2019. We invited all Slovenian primary schools to participate, as well the local high school and kindergarten. Winners for all three categories were selected by online voting and awarded at the event Days of Notranjska Regional Park 2019.
School year 2019/2020: The topic of the competition in this school year is If I were an animal. The winners of all three categories (art, literary and photo) were selected by a professional jury, and they received their rewards by mail, since the event Days of Notranjska Regional Park 2020 had to be cancelled due to Covid-19 restrictions. All participating children also received a diploma by mail.
School year 2020/2021: The topic for this year’s creative competition was The Future of Our Planet. Winners of all three categories (art, literary and photo) were selected by a professional jury, and they received their rewards by mail. All participating children also received a diploma by mail.
School year 2021/2022: The topic for this year’s creative competition was Flowing at old meanders in the better tomorrow. Winners of all three categories (art, literary and photo) were selected by a professional jury, and they received their rewards by mail. All participating children also received a diploma by mail.
In total, 639 art works were received (443 drawings, 141 literary works and 55 photos). All received works are uploaded at LIFE STRŽEN website.
3. Youth nature conservation camp
In total, 3 nature conservation camps were organized. Originally 2 camps were planned, but due to project prolongation, DOPPS and NRP performed one additional camp in 2023. The first nature conservation camp for youth was organized from 24 June to 1 July 2018 (23 participants). Second camp was organized from 27 June to 4 July 2021 (24 participants). Third, additionally approved camp was organized from 24 June to 30 June 2023 (14 participants).
Action F: Project management
F1 - Project management - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
This action was focused on administration, financial management and execution of the project. Efficient project management was crucial for its successful implementation. All participating partners had experience with leading European or national projects. They had also already participated in other LIFE projects. They were familiar with the strict rules of financial and administrative management and the responsibility for executing project activities.
The project manager was in charge of providing support and supervising the execution of activities by all partners, as well as coordinating joint activities. The manager had an overview of finances, all documentation and the schedule for the implementation of activities of all partner. Project coordinators were responsible for coordinating and executing project activities of each individual partner. They managed the work of the project team within their organization. Expert and technical workers were responsible for the execution of the project as well.
Project management was performed as foreseen. In Aug 2017, the NRP appointed Irena Likar as the project manager. In August 2017, a project team has been established.
In October 2017, the Guidelines for Green Public Procurement were prepared by NRP, and in December 2017, a Process Plan and Communication Plan. All Partnership Agreements were signed by the end of December 2017. Regular coordinating meetings with representatives from all project partners were conducted. In total, 52 coordination meetings took place until December 2023, slightly fewer than the 60 meetings that were planned. However, this was because many issues were resolved by phone or email, or even within the scope of other project actions.
Results:
F2 - Project Council of Stakeholders - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
A good, detailed knowledge of key stakeholders about project activities and finances was crucial for the successful execution of the project. It was also important for management to get feedback from the field, from different publics. To this end, a Council of Stakeholders was set up in the scope of this action. It included representatives of key stakeholders from the local environment, experts, and representatives of project partners.
The planned council members were:
- the project manager and the director of Notranjska Regional Park,
- coordinators of project partners,
- Mayor of the Municipality of Cerknica,
- president of the Cerknica Angling Club,
- president of the Hunting Fraternity Cerknica,
- three representatives of tourism providers or local enterprises,
- representatives of three local agrarian societies,
- representatives of two political parties.
The national LIFE contact point and the monitor of project LIFE STRŽEN were invited to participate in the project council of stakeholders as well.
NRP initiated activities of Stakeholder’s Project Council organization in October 2017, beginning with the collection of information about the most significant representatives of tourism stakeholders and local political parties. Invitations to join the Project Stakeholders Council were sent to all relevant stakeholders. Prior to sending these invitations, the project manager personally called each individually, explaining the purpose and obligations associated with being a part of this group. In total, seven (out of 10 planned) Councils were organized. The first Council took place in December 2017, the second in April 2018, the third in December 2018, the fourth in May 2019, the fifth in December 2019, sixth in November 2021, and seventh in December 2022. After each meeting, NRP prepared Council Meetings Minutes (F2 Deliverable) that was sent to all participants.
Representatives from the LIFE Lynx project were incorporated into the Project Stakeholder Council. This integration, based on the shared goals of both projects, streamlined engagement by allowing LIFE Lynx representatives to present their activities in council meetings, capitalizing on mutual interests. This strategy reduces stakeholder fatigue and boosts collaboration and efficiency.
Results:
F3 - Audit - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
An Audit of the project was performed by Ernst & Young d.o.o. The audit began in May 2023, covering the financial years from 2017 to the end of 2022. The year 2023 was audited in 2024, after the financial year concluded. Ernst & Young reviewed 62% of all expenses, verifying the final financial statement for compliance with national legislation, accounting rules, and the Grant agreement. The audit also ensured that the project’s co-financing did not come from other European Union financial instruments, aligning with the European Commission’s Guidelines. The Audit was very thorough and precise. All calculations were checked, all supporting documents, etc.
F4 - LIFE after LIFE - COMPLETED
Status: The action has been fully implemented and completed
The LIFE after LIFE plan was prepared in close cooperation with project partners. The plan foresees the continuation of the following measures:
- Orientation and acceleration of habitat restoration.
- Maintaining a favourable ecological state and reducing disturbances.
- Monitoring the effects of ecosystem restoration.
- Raising awareness and dissemination.
- Co-managing nature conservation of the area.
Additionally, the evaluation of needed costs is foreseen. Continuing these measures is essential for maintaining and improving the health of ecosystems and habitats. They ensure that restoration efforts initiated during the project are sustained, allowing for the recovery of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Ongoing monitoring is crucial to track progress, identify any emerging issues, and adapt management strategies accordingly.
Dissemination plays a crucial role in this process by spreading knowledge and understanding about the importance of habitat restoration, ecological maintenance, and sustainable management practices. By effectively communicating the goals and benefits of these actions, stakeholders and the public can be engaged and motivated to participate in conservation activities. Furthermore, dissemination facilitates the exchange of best practices and lessons learned, enabling stakeholders to learn from each other’s experiences and enhance the effectiveness of their conservation efforts.
The LIFE after LIFE is prepared in Slovene and English.